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USS ''Virginia'' (BB-13) was a United States Navy pre-dreadnought battleship, the lead ship of her class. She was the fifth ship to carry her name. ''Virginia'' was laid down in May 1902 at the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia, was launched in April 1904, and was commissioned into the fleet in May 1906. The ship was armed with an offensive battery of four guns and eight guns, and she was capable of a top speed of . For the duration of her career, ''Virginia'' served in the Atlantic Fleet, much of it spent conducting peacetime training exercises to maintain fleet readiness. In 1907–09, she took part in the cruise of the Great White Fleet around the world. She was involved in the American intervention in the Mexican Revolution in 1913–1914, including the occupation of Veracruz. After the United States entered World War I in April 1917, she was used first to train gunners for the expanding wartime fleet, and later to escort convoys to Europe. During this period, she served briefly as the flagship of the 1st and 3rd Divisions, Battleship Force. After the war ended in November 1918, she was assigned to the operation to transport American soldiers back from France. ''Virginia'' was decommissioned in 1920 and eventually expended as a target ship in 1923 under the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty. ==Design== (詳細はlong overall and had a beam of and a draft of . She displaced as designed and up to at full load. The ship was powered by two-shaft triple-expansion steam engines rated at and twenty-four coal-fired Niclausse boilers, generating a top speed of . As built, she was fitted with heavy military masts, but these were quickly replaced by cage masts in 1909. She had a crew of 812 officers and enlisted men. The ship was armed with a main battery of four 12 inch /40 Mark 4 guns in two twin gun turrets on the centerline, one forward and aft. The secondary battery consisted of eight /45 guns and twelve /45 guns. The 8-inch guns were mounted in four twin turrets; two of these were superposed atop the main battery turrets, with the other two turrets abreast the forward funnel. The 6-inch guns were placed in casemates in the hull. For close-range defense against torpedo boats, she carried twelve 3-inch /50 guns mounted in casemates along the side of the hull and twelve 3-pounder guns. As was standard for capital ships of the period, ''Virginia'' carried four torpedo tubes, submerged in her hull on the broadside. ''Virginia''s main armored belt was thick over the magazines and the machinery spaces and elsewhere. The main battery gun turrets (and the secondary turrets on top of them) had thick faces, and the supporting barbettes had the of armor plating. The conning tower had thick sides. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Virginia (BB-13)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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